MONEY MATTERS ~ Your guide to savvy money management

Answering Your Money Questions

May 30th, 2012, 8:13 am by

QUESTION: I have an old stock certificate for a stock that I inherited from my grandfather. How do I find out if the company is worth anything?     -       Richard D., Colorado Springs 

ANSWER: Some older stock certificates can be valuable, but these days most stocks have gone to electronic transfers so most certificates are just duplicates.

The first thing to find out is if the company is still in existence. It could have changed names, been acquired by another company, etc. Find out the name of the company, when the stock was issued and where the company was incorporated. 

Is a transfer agent listed on the front of the certificate? A transfer agent handles share transfers and should be able to tell you if the certificate is worth anything. You’ll need to mail the certificate to the agent; be sure to send it via insured mail. The agent will help you sell the shares. 

If there is no transfer agent, check with your library to see if they have a copy of the Directory of Obsolete Securities. 

Another option is to utilize the services of Scripophily.com, a company that will research an old company for a fee. Even if the certificate doesn’t have any value (doesn’t represent any ownership); Scripophily.com might buy the certificate from you for its collector’s value. 

Question: I have several government student loans and I’d like to know how I could consolidate them. They have different interest rates.          -       Gary S., Monument 

Answer: After exhausting their deferment and forbearance, students still struggling to repay their debt often look at consolidating their loans. 

It’s much easier to consolidate federal student loans than private loans. There is no credit check because the U.S. government guarantees the loans. Your new fixed interest rate will be based on the average of the interest rates of all current loans. 

To find out which consolidation program you would qualify for, contact the Direct Loan Organization’s Consolidation Department at 1-800-557-7392. Their website, www.loanconsolidation.ed.gov, offers useful information, including an online calculator to help estimate your new monthly repayment amount.  

You might have to meet certain requirements before consolidation, such as bringing your balance current if you’re behind on payments. 

Also, you won’t be able to include a Parent Plus loan in the consolidation, because it is in your parent’s name and can’t be transferred to your name.  

The Income-Based Repayment Program (IBR) is another option if you are struggling with repayments. IBR will cap your repayments based on your income and the size of your family. Also, you must be in a partial financial hardship, which exists when the annual amount due on all of your eligible loans, as calculated under a standard 10-year repayment plan, exceeds 15 percent of discretionary income. Under this program, any remaining loan balance will be forgiven after 25 years of payments.

Lastly, check out PayBackSmarter.com, another cool tool to help you compare different repayment options. 

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

 

Safeguard your financial information

May 23rd, 2012, 8:44 am by

Millions of Americans suffer from identity theft each year. Statistics show that the majority of identity thefts occur when something physical, such as your wallet, is stolen. 

“Fat” wallets are not such a good idea. They may be funny in a sandwich commercial, but not such a good idea in real life. Yes, we carry too much in our wallets and I used to be guilty of that too. Let’s start with what’s OK to keep in your wallet: 

Credit cards – Try to keep no more than two in your wallet. Lock away the rest in your safe. If your wallet gets stolen, ask to have your credit card account numbers changed. But don’t close your accounts. Closing an account with a long history can hurt your credit score. 

Cash – Keep some in your wallet; generally no more than 50 bucks. Use cash for small purchases such as a pack of gum, especially if your bank charges debit card fees. Plus it’s good to have some cash on hand for emergencies. 

Receipts – Don’t keep them in your wallet, as receipts contain too much personal information. Remove them every night. 

Sensitive information – It goes without saying (I hope) that you should never store your pin number, passwords or Social Security card in your wallet.

Photocopy the entire contents of your wallet to store in your safe or lockbox. This makes it easier to replace and you won’t have to scramble for numbers.  And file a police report immediately if your wallet is stolen, then contact all three credit-reporting agencies, your credit card companies, and your bank.    

Fodder for your shredder.

Unlike a bottle of single malt Scotch, your old financial papers do not get better with age. Here’s some guidance on what to shred and when: 

Tax returns – Shred the ones older than 3 years and keep more recent tax returns locked away, as they contain your Social Security number. 

Bank statementsKeep year-end bank and credit card statements if they contain information to support your tax deduction; shred the rest. 

Credit card offers – Need to be shredded if you don’t plan to use them. The same goes for credit card checks, which are basically checks you can use to borrow against your line of credit for quick cash. It would be a bad thing if they ended up in the wrong hands. 

Additional items to shred include expired credit cards, membership cards and ID cards. Throw in pay stubs and canceled checks too. 

Avoid shredder overload by holding onto a minimal amount of paperwork and do more transactions online.  

Love many, trust few: We all want to trust our family. Unfortunately, identity theft can occur within the family, so don’t tempt fate by keeping your paperwork lying around in plain sight. 

We have become a technology-using mobile society and sometimes we are not too savvy when it comes to protecting our privacy. There is a tendency to share TMI (too much information) and this can have disastrous consequences. Guard your information carefully; your financial well being is at stake. 

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

IRS requesting the pleasure of your company? Don’t panic!

May 14th, 2012, 8:07 pm by

Out of the blue, you receive an IRS audit notification. What should you do?

The first thing to do is relax – about one-third of the IRS audit letters are simply requesting more tax return details and supporting documentation. Find out what’s being challenged.

Tom Herman, a former tax columnist for the Wall Street Journal says that many people automatically surrender and write the IRS a check. That’s probably a smart move if your case is complicated or you don’t have records to back it up, Herman says. But in other cases, study the letter to determine what part of the return is being questioned.

If it concerns deductions or a tax credit, send them copies of the supporting documents.

If it questions your entitlement to a tax deduction, consult a tax professional, such as an enrolled agent, certified public accountant or a tax attorney before you respond to the IRS. Study your returns – review your records. Hopefully you know exactly what’s on your tax return.

But if you merely slapped your signature on it and sent it off, take the time to comb through it and refresh your memory. It pays to keep accurate records to back up your deductions and tax credits. Those include: tax returns for the past three years, receipts and credit card statements to prove your deductions, and statements to help you track the cost basis for taxable investments.

Know what you’re up against. Ramifications of underpayment fall into these categories: penalties, interest, and jail time. The penalties can be steep, depending on the nature and intent of the underpayment. It will be less severe for negligence and more for fraud. You will owe interest if, among other things, you failed to file on time. And you could serve time in prison for the really serious tax crimes, such as tax evasion.

Make sure you apply by deadlines, Herman says.

 Generally, the chance of an IRS audit is greater if you:

1) Claim an excessive amount of itemized deductions.

2) Overstate deductions for donated items.

3) Own or work in a business that receives cash and tips in the course of doing business.

4) Claim business expenses that are large in relation to the income on your tax return.

5) Claim home office deductions.

6) Have discrepancies in W-2 and 1099 reporting.

7) Have complicated investment and business transactions.

8) Fail to sign your return.

Believe it or not this can raise a flag and lead the IRS to look more closely at your tax return to see what else you may have missed. If anything listed above describes your situation, seek the help of a tax professional.

The bottom line. More often than not, you will just need to clear up a math error or prove your entitlement to a deduction or a tax credit. Receiving a notice from the IRS for an audit of past tax returns is not an automatic “go to jail” card for underpayment of taxes. In fact, in some instances the IRS will end up writing you a check. Regardless, if you feel that the IRS notice takes you in over your head, consult a tax adviser.

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

All about Your Credit

May 8th, 2012, 4:33 pm by

Just like diamonds, a tax debt can be forever. There is a statute setting a limit of seven years on how long most negative items can linger on your credit report. However, there are some stubborn items that are tough to expunge, such as your tax debt. 

If you don’t pay your taxes, the IRS can file a tax lien entitling them to claim your property. Tax liens hurt your credit score and can remain on your report for a long time. 

The IRS doesn’t place it on your credit report, but when they file a lien, it becomes a public record. This means anyone, including credit bureaus, can see the lien and report it. The amount reported is your full tax debt. The IRS doesn’t update your account balance as you pay it down, but you can get a letter from them showing the payoff.

Obviously the best thing is to never have it on your report. If you owe less than $25,000 you may be eligible for the IRS’ Fresh Start program. You can watch a brief informative video at on YouTube (youtube.com/watch?v=Q6tkbrQ4_Zw. Also, you can check out more information about the IRS debt collection process at IRS Publication 594 (www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p594.pdf).

Under the program, you would set up an installment agreement and no federal tax lien would be filed. If you owe more than $25,000, consider bringing it below that amount by transferring some or all of your tax debt to a credit card or home equity line. 

So, what are your options to have it removed? After the IRS files a tax lien, your options are much more limited. You can try to settle for less with the IRS and if they accept, they will file a release of your lien. The statute dictates that they have 30 days to release the tax lien. If that doesn’t happen, contact the IRS at 1-800-913-6050.

Keep in mind that a released lien is no longer attached to your property. Your credit report will state “released lien” for up to 10 years. 

To have it removed from your report, it must be paid in full for the IRS to “withdraw” the lien, instead of merely releasing it. The IRS doesn’t automatically erase it from your report. You will need to use a special tax form to petition the IRS to withdraw your lien. 

Uncle Sam will slap a lien on you if you don’t contact them to resolve your debt. So as soon as you receive a notice from the IRS that you owe taxes, contact them pronto.

Is your credit report too revealing?

While you may feel that your credit report contains way too much information, rest assured that some things should remain your own business.

There are some things that a credit report will not reveal about you. SmartCredit.com, a consumer education agency, says the report will not show: 

1)      How much you earn.

2)     Whether or not you have a job. But it may list current or past employers if you listed them on your credit applications.

3)     Your spouse’s credit history, if you apply for credit individually. Once you take out a loan in both of your names, it gets listed as joint debt on both reports.

4)     Your criminal offenses, unless they resulted in liens or legal judgments filed against you. Sometimes child support obligations can pop up in your report.

5)    Your medical bills will not be listed unless the debt goes to collections.

6)    Your bank or investment accounts, but it may show if your account is over drawn. 

Like it or not, your credit report is a reflection of you. If it is littered with inaccuracies, take the steps to clean it up. If it legitimately shows bad debt and poor spending habits, then it’s time to take control and clean up your act 

 Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

Tips to help save on travel

May 2nd, 2012, 9:06 am by

Summer is just around the corner and many of you are in the midst of planning your next vacation. If you’re on a budget – and who isn’t these days – your upcoming getaway doesn’t have to lead you to the poor house. That is, if you plan ahead and avail yourself of the great resources at your fingertips.  

Compare ALL airline fees. 

Many websites allow you to compare airfares but neglect to alert you about all those extra fees. NerdWallet.com has assembled this information for you and added an airline fee search and comparison tool to help you compare additional fees such as luggage fees. 

Avoid foreign transaction fees. 

Foreign transaction fees used to be a nasty surprise for international travelers. But since the passage of the Credit Card Act of 2009, credit card providers must clearly disclose all the fees. Some credit card issuers impose a flat fee per transaction while some charge a percentage of the purchase price, usually between 1 to 3 percent 

If you travel overseas often, look for a card without a foreign transaction fee. Make sure you read the fine print because these cards often come with annual fees and other restrictions. Another option is to use your debit card or an ATM, if they have lower fees. Keep in mind that credit cards offer better identity theft protection than debit cards, which may make a credit card worth the extra fee. 

Don’t leave your frequent flyer miles to the credit card company.

According to a 2011 study from Colloquy and Swift Exchange, the average household that participates in a rewards program redeems less than a third of those rewards. To make sure this is not you, find the right rewards program in the first place. Match the reward programs with your spending habits and find out how quickly you can earn your points, especially if you will get them only for certain purchases. 

The good news is that, according to the Bankrate’s annual credit card rewards survey, last year more cards paid out rewards. 

A cautionary tale about travel insurance.
Travel insurance is supposed to protect you against a trip cancellation, medical emergency, loss of your luggage and even against your travel operator’s bankruptcy. The right plan can help keep costs down, but you will have to shop around. The best deal usually comes from a third-party insurer instead of your tour operator.

Know exactly what’s covered and what it takes to get your money back. The most frustrating thing is when you expect your coverage to cover everything, only to find out that a myriad of things are excluded. 

One last tip. Find out from your medical insurer what’s covered in case of a medical emergency, like when you step on that poor stingray in the ocean. Whether your mishap is bizarre or mundane, it helps to know what’s covered and what isn’t. 

With your travel research behind you, it’s time to take off and enjoy your respite with nary a worry about those pesky travel fees. Bon voyage!

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

Avoid these extra college costs

April 25th, 2012, 9:22 am by

College students, this column is for you. In addition to the steep price tag on tuition, other seemingly insignificant costs can suddenly add up and start looking like another year’s worth of tuition. 

Transportations costs. Having your wheels at school may not be a good idea. Park your car, perhaps in your parent’s driveway, and figure out how to use public transportation. If you plan on getting a job off campus, make sure it is on a public transportation route. 

Textbooks cost hundreds of dollars. Colleges are required to provide a list of textbooks during registration, so you have plenty of time to do some comparison-shopping. Online discounters let you rent, buy or sell used books. Check out www.Chegg.com, www.phatcampus.com, www.half.com or www.textbooks.com, among others, or download or rent e-books from amazon.com. 

Entertainment costs. Fun and games can take a toll on your wallet, so definitely set a spending limit for frivolity. 

High cost of roommate envy. Your roommate may have the newest to-die-for electronic toys. But your roommate may also have more money than you. If you must have the latest gizmo, keep it real by shopping around. Check online, on campus and in town for the best values and discounts.

Health insurance

Be wary of signing up for your college’s health insurance plan, which can be more expensive than staying on your folk’s plan. Under the new health care reform, you can stay on it until you turn 26. 

Credit cards can be bad for your health. One of the biggest costs, aside from your education’s price tag, is credit card debt. Let me clue you in on a few tips to help make smart choices with credit cards.  

Don’t get one unless you can afford it.

People under 21 either have to get a co-signer or earn enough income to afford the payments. While some students get credit cards by reporting their student loans as income, that can be dangerous. Your student loan is debt and you are adding more debt to it. 

Read it before you sign it. 

I know it’s a drag, but you need to read the fine print. Credit card companies count on college students to not read anything, and to just sign up for quick access to cash. The fine print contains introductory interest rate requirements, how long it will last, the difference in the rate to draw out cash against your card and transfer balance.  

Don’t fall for the first offer.

Shop for a card with the best terms, not one that merely offers the coolest rewards. You may end up charging more than you should just to rack up rewards.  

Only get what you need. 

Too much of a credit line too soon can get you into trouble. Don’t accept an increase in your line of credit just because it is offered. 

Never co-sign for a friend. Unless you are independently wealthy and don’t mind picking up your friend’s spring break vacation tab, co-signing is a no-no. 

Pay off your balances in full.

If you don’t, you will be stuck with a lifetime of minimum payments that will pile on top of other debt. 

Learning lessons about smart choices in managing your money comes at a cost. That cost is either time spent acquiring financial savvy or a lifetime spent paying off your mountain of debt. 

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

Increase your financial savvy with these tools and tips

April 19th, 2012, 11:20 am by

The Internet’s a wonderful thing, isn’t it? So much information about products and services at your fingertips! You can check out a company’s reputation, find out what people think about a certain restaurant or using a certain gadget. But be aware, the number of deceptive review sites is on the rise and they’re often tough to spot.

Learn to take reviews with a grain of salt. Your radar should go up when:

The site claims to have reviewed many items but in the end found only one product that passed muster. 

The endorsements look like a political campaign; either rave reviews posted by friends or a total smear campaign put up by a competitor.

Look for disclosure. If the review author has a connection to the seller and receives some sort of compensation, it should be disclosed on the site, as required by the Federal Trade Commission. 

It goes without saying that you should review feedback from end users on several different sites before making a purchasing decision 

If you suspect that a review site is a fake, report it to the Federal Trade Commission. Go to its website, www.ftc.gov, and under their “consumer protection” tab click on “file complaint.” The FTC has strengthened its guidelines to crack down on fake online endorsements and imposes hefty fines.  

Speaking of protecting your “consumer dollars,” here’s a great way to do just that. Whether it’s disputing something in your credit report or learning what your rights are when dealing with debt collector, you can now find answers to these burning questions and more on one website.

In response to fallout caused by the recent financial crisis, Congress created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to protect consumers from fraudulent financial practices by providing them with financial information. That’s why they launched an online tool called Ask CFPB (www.consumerfinance.gov/askcfpb).

Here is what you can find there:

1)    Straightforward explanations of financial products; tips on mortgages and other loans.

2)    Answers to questions such as, what’s a credit report, is reverse mortgage right for me, how does a foreclosure work, can debt collectors tell other people about my debt, and how do I dispute an error on my credit report.

3)    Explanation of your rights when dealing with credit card and mortgage companies.

4)    Options to address complaints about financial products such as mortgages, student loans and credit cards. 

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau hopes to become a one-stop financial education center for the consumer. Make it your first visit on your quest for financial literacy and consumer savvy. 

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

 

 

Small print is small for a reason

April 17th, 2012, 10:04 am by

Fine print is supposed to help clarify the rules of engagement and warn about any exceptions written into your consumer contract. Some, if not all, fine print is bound to trip you up unless you read it carefully. 

There is a reason why small print is small. The assumption is that most of us won’t go to the trouble of actually reading it. But read it you must, as not doing so only benefits the other party. Here are some classic examples of fine print “gotchas” from consumer website Mint.com: 

Didn’t know I could opt out of a purchase.

Before you buy anything, put on your trifocals and look for a small pre-checked box that will commit you to making a purchase. 

Didn’t notify us before auto-renew sets in.

Many contracts contain provisions that automatically renew a subscription at the end of a year, whether you want to or not. There are some companies that will automatically charge you if you fail to notify them before the auto-renew kicks in. 

Credit card balance transfers are another classic example of a “gotcha.’ The offer says zero percent interest, yet the fine print states that it’s only for those with a perfect credit score and for a very short period of time. 

With summer just around the corner, many of you have started working on your travel plans. Before you click the “accept” button or sign on the dotted line, be sure to read your airline, car rental, hotel and cruise line contracts carefully. 

Christopher Elliott, travel columnist and MSNBC contributor, wrote, “There are some seemingly common-sense situations that could cause you a loss on a trip you’d think would, of course, be covered by the travel supplier. Not surprisingly, the companies aren’t always on your side.” 

Loyalty programs, such as frequent flier programs and frequent customer clubs, are fickle when it comes to changing the rules.  Don’t bank on them 100 percent. They can slash the number of miles, making them worthless. Make sure you know exactly what you have before you start booking your vacation.  

Not all in your checked luggage is covered. Think an airline will compensate you for the luggage it loses? Think again. Check the airline’s conditions of carriage and you’ll find a long list of items that aren’t covered. Elliott advises to have your valuables covered by  your homeowner’s insurance policy.

Elliott suggests you fight the airlines if necessary. “When a travel company invokes one of its ridiculous rules,” he says, “let them know you don’t think these provisions are right, and that if they disagree, you’re not afraid to ask a court for a second opinion”.

But the bottom line here is that there are no short cuts. You have to read every excruciating word (especially if there is a lot of fine print!) and ask questions. You can’t use ignorance as your line of defense. You are signing a binding contract, many of which are set up to make it difficult to extricate yourself. 

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

Despite split, credit can remain intact

April 8th, 2012, 12:00 pm by

It’s a common misconception that dissolution of your marriage leaves you with a clean financial slate. That hardly ever happens. 

Debt is one area that can turn into an ugly, tangled mess if you are not careful. 

But if the two of you can work together rather than waging a long and expensive battle throughout the divorce process, there is a better chance of preserving your credit. How? By focusing on strategies that preserve your credit rating, rather than wasting time trying to get even. 

Here are some ways to handle credit card debt and avoid common mistakes that can ruin your credit.  

Your best-case scenario is to pay off and close all joint accounts before finalizing your divorce. To do this, you may need to sell some assets or use a chunk of your savings or investment accounts. 

If you can’t pay off the balances right away, transfer an agreed upon portion of your joint debt onto your own credit card. If you can’t qualify for a new line of credit, ask your family to co-sign it and then transfer the balance. 

The worst-case scenario is not being able to split credit card debt up onto your individual cards. Then all you can do is pray that your ex complies with the terms of your divorce settlement and makes timely payments. 

But first, do a little homework. 

Request credit reports from the three credit agencies; (Experian, TransUnion and Equifax.) You are entitled to a free copy every year and you can download all three from www.annualcreditreport.com. 

Write down all credit card debts and how they are titled: whether you are a joint account holder or an authorized user. 

As joint account holders you are equally responsible for repaying the debt. Many divorcing couples wrongly assume that their divorce decree relieves one spouse of the financial responsibility by assigning the joint debt to the other spouse. The creditor won’t close your account simply because you had a change in marital status. You could apply for a new line of credit with the same creditor and, if you get approved, transfer your portion of the debt. 

If you were an authorized user of your spouse’s card, the credit card company may agree to remove you from the account and transform it into an individual account. All you’ve got to do is ask.  

If you are stuck on the account until your ex pays off the balance, monitor payments by asking the lender for duplicate statements. 

If you are both drowning in debt and considering filing for bankruptcy, consult with a bankruptcy attorney before you file for divorce. 

The bottom line, after a divorce, you want to sever all ties for your joint debt. That being said, I am not advocating that you start blindly selling off marital assets and wiping out bank accounts to pay off debts. You and your spouse need to be on the same page and be completely transparent. Unfortunately, there is always room for financial shenanigans. If you are uncertain, consult a family lawyer to suggest the best course of action.  

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.

Mortgage refinancing comes at a cost

March 28th, 2012, 11:55 am by

Mortgage rates are still low, but don’t jump into refinancing just yet. At least not without understanding the burden of the fees you may have to bear. Some fees are not as obvious as you might think, but happily some of those are negotiable. 

Potentially negotiable fees:

Application fee ($75-$300) is generally non-refundable, whether you are approved or not. Online lenders are most likely to charge this fee and you should be prepared to negotiate. Coleen Leri, a senior mortgage lender with Peoples Mortgage, advises that you request to pay any fees at closing. If the lender doesn’t agree, look for another lender. 

Loan origination fee (up to 1.5% of the loan amount) is charged by some lenders to process your new account application. You can often negotiate this fee. Leri advises that you compare the rate to the fees and if the lender has an origination fee or is charging points, you should see a lower rate from that lender. Don’t be afraid to ask the lender to show you how the higher fees justify the difference in a lower payment.

Loan discount or points (0.125% – 1.0% or more of the loan amount) are used to “buy you” a lower interest rate. You essentially pay more up front, to pay a lower monthly payment. Is it a good deal? Ask the lender to show you how long it will take you to break even.

Loan processing and underwriting fees ($650-900) cover exactly what is implied. Leri cautions against lenders who charge a loan origination fee in addition to high processing fees. 

Generally non-negotiable fees:

Appraisal fee ($450 on average for a primary residence and higher for an investment property): This fee is generally a part of the application process. Sandie Guenther, a loan originator with Cherry Creek Mortgage, says that most lenders require a new appraisal in their name. “Check to see if this fee can be waived if you have a recent appraisal in your name,” Guenther suggests.

Title search and insurance ($600-$950) covers the cost to search your property’s records to verify that you are who you say you are and that there are no liens against the property. The fees are based on the home’s value; the less expensive the home, the lower the fees.  

Closing and recording fees ($350 plus $160). The title company charges to close and sign your loan documents. Recording fees vary based on the length of the deed of trust.

Prepayment penalty (one to six months’ worth of interest payments): Very few first mortgage products include a pre-payment penalty. Leri says, “Prime lenders, the biggest abusers of pre-payment penalties, are virtually nonexistent in the current market.” Just to be on the safe side, ask your lender to confirm in writing that your loan does not have a pre-payment penalty.

Much more common these days are early-closing fees (also known as early-payoff fees), which are charged if the entire loan is repaid within the first few months after the refinance. 

Before you think about refinancing, make sure you understand not only what the interest rates are but also the hidden costs associated with refinancing your loan. 

Mystified by money and want to improve your financial effectiveness? Denisa Tova CFP®, CDFA, MBA is a Colorado Springs-based Certified Financial Planner and a Certified Divorce Financial Analyst. Contact her at DenisaTova.com or email denisa.tova@gazette.com.